A tooth infection, also known as a dental abscess, occurs when bacteria invade the innermost part of the tooth, known as the pulp. This soft tissue contains nerves and blood vessels, and once infected, it can cause pain, swelling, and serious complications if left untreated.

Tooth Decay

The infection can begin with tooth decay. When plaque—a sticky film of bacteria and food particles—builds up on your teeth and isn’t removed by brushing and flossing, it starts to erode the enamel. As the enamel wears down, bacteria can reach deeper layers of the tooth.

If the decay progresses past the enamel and dentin, it reaches the pulp. Here, the bacteria multiply and cause inflammation. The body responds with an immune reaction, often leading to pus buildup, swelling, and pain. In some cases, the infection can spread to the surrounding bone or tissue, making the condition more dangerous.

Tooth Trauma

Cracks or trauma to the tooth can also open a direct path for bacteria to enter the pulp, even in the absence of decay. This is why protecting your teeth during sports or after dental procedures is important to your long-term health.

Signs of a tooth infection include severe toothache, sensitivity to hot or cold, swollen gums, a bad taste in the mouth, or even fever. If you notice these symptoms, prompt dental treatment is essential.

At Pro Health Dental in Mission Viejo, our team—including our cosmetic dentist—can treat infected teeth with procedures like root canals or extractions when necessary, helping you regain comfort and health.